• Aurora kinase B AURKB and

  2022-01-10

  

  Aurora kinase B (AURKB) and haploid cell-specific protein kinase (Haspin) are two well-known participants in N-terminal histone H3 phosphorylations during mitosis. A related role played by these kinases relates to the fact that AURKB is activated by Haspin promoted phosphorylation at T3. Irrespectiv

• Introduction Soluble guanylyl cyclase sGC is a

  2022-01-10

  

  Introduction Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a key protein in the regulation of multiple physiological functions in mammalian physiology [1,2]. Upon stimulation by nitric oxide (NO) [3], sGC generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) from guanosine-5′ triphosphate and activates protein kinas

• BOP reagent br Results and discussion br Conclusion In summa

  2022-01-10

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion In summary, starting from our previous lead BOP reagent 1, we replaced the 5-nitropyrimidine core with pyrimidopyrimidine to obtain a series of novel compounds as drug candidates of GPR119 agonist for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Some derivatives showed good

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Chronic ne

  2022-01-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Chronic neuroinflammation underlies the pathogenesis of HAND (Saylor et al., 2016, Sodhi et al., 2004). Infected immune cells release viral proteins and inflammatory factors which act on microglia, astrocytes, and neurons to produce the synaptodendri

• The monomer composition and the variation in the cryogelatio

  2022-01-07

  

  The monomer composition and the variation in the cryogelation process can result in cryogels with slightly different properties. The adequate characterization of these matrices is advisable in the studies aiming a better understanding of flow inside its structure and also the interactions between th

• Genetic disruption or pharmacologic inhibition

  2022-01-07

  

  Genetic disruption or pharmacologic inhibition of the hepatic glucagon pathway has invariably been shown to increase pancreatic α cell mass. This has been observed in glucagon receptor (GCGR) knockout (Gcgr−/−) mice (Gelling et al., 2003), glucagon knockout mice (Hayashi et al., 2009), prohormone co

• To directly address whether pharmacological attenuation of p

  2022-01-07

  

  To directly address whether pharmacological attenuation of physiological GIP provides therapeutic benefits in obese mice, we pursued a selective long-acting antagonist to complement the work we report on GIPR agonism. We report a GIP analog of sufficient aqueous solubility that employs a shortened N

• The regulation of gap junction connexin mediated activities

  2022-01-07

  

  The regulation of gap junction-connexin-mediated activities may be achieved through action on the channel gating properties (membrane voltage, pH, interaction with junctional and cytoskeletal proteins, Ca2+ and K+ concentrations, etc) or on the trafficking, turnover and localization of connexins. Sh

• One may ask whether induced loss

  2022-01-07

  

  One may ask whether induced loss, through chemical or genetic perturbation for example, of an essential cellular factor represents regulated cell death or simple loss of the homeostasis needed for life. For example, deletion of the Mdm2 gene, or inhibition of the MDM2 protein, results in cell death

• In this study we followed the

  2022-01-07

  

  In this study, we followed the fate of Ag-specific CD8+ T FH535 by directly visualizing them using MHC class I tetramers coupled with ovoalubumin (OVA)257–264 following EG.7 inoculation. We also examined the mechanism of apoptosis in exhausted Ag-specific CD8+ T cells during tumor immune response us

• Tyr phosphorylation of AnxA was first

  2022-01-07

  

  Tyr23 phosphorylation of AnxA2 was first reported to be involved in endocytosis, particularly in the internalisation of the insulin receptor [20]. Phosphorylated Tyr23 seems to be necessary for the stable association of AnxA2 with endosomes, and for their early-stage transport [14]. The role of AnxA

• The glycolytic activator phosphofructo kinase fructose bisph

  2022-01-07

  

  The glycolytic activator 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is well-known as a downstream substrate of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway [5,6]. Tumor hypoxia has long been associated with increased malignancy, poor prognosis and drug resistance. HIF-

• Though studied less extensively than in

  2022-01-07

  

  Though studied less extensively than in cholangiopathies and fatty liver diseases, the Hh pathway is active in other forms of human liver disease, such as Schistosomiasis[58], [101] and chronic viral hepatitis,[100], [125] as well as in several animal models of liver disease, including drug-induced

• While PLGA implants could be beneficial for

  2022-01-06

  

  While PLGA implants could be beneficial for regenerative angiogenesis in the context of wound healing, they Ezatiostat hydrochloride could also lead to adverse effects. Indeed, extracellular acidification inhibits osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization, w

• BCCA occlusion followed by reperfusion injury significantly

  2022-01-06

  

  BCCA occlusion, followed by reperfusion injury, significantly increased the brain AT1 and AT2 receptor expression in mice. Reports have demonstrated elevation of AT1 receptor expression in the cerebral BMH-21 during ischemia [34,35]. The gene expression of brain AT2 receptor is increased in both in

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